Fig. 1

Associations between quantiles of the PHDI adherence and cognition decline. Associations between quantile the cumulative average PHDI adherence scores and memory (a), attention (b), calculation (c) and global cognition (d) over a median of 12 years of follow-up. Linear mixed-effects model adjusted for age, gender, education, marriage, and residency, region, household income per capita, smoking, alcohol consumption, and BMI category (n = 3404). P value represents the P for trend of the interaction term between quintiles of PHDI and age, calculated by the Wald test (two-sided)