Table 5 Characteristics of recess from survey

Supervision (n = 170)

Paras

106 (62.4%)

89 (61.4%)

16 (66.7%)

62 (60.8%)

44 (64.7%)

80 (65.0%)

26 (55.3%)

Classroom teachers

164 (96.5%)

141 (87.2%)

22 (91.7%)

97 (95.1%)

67 (98.5%)

119 (96.8%)

45 (95.7%)

PE Teachers

31 (18.2%)

24 (16.6%)

6 (25.0%)

16 (15.7%)

15 (22.1%)

25 (20.3%)

6 (12.8%)

Administrators

36 (21.2%)

31 (21.4%)

5 (20.8%)

19 (18.6%)

17 (25.0%)

23 (18.7%)

13 (27.7%)

Other

13 (7.7%)

13 (9.0%)

0 (0%)

9 (8.8%)

4 (5.9%)

10 (8.1%)

3 (6.4%)

Reasons for Withholding Recess (n = 170)

Student Choice

29 (17.1%)

27 (18.6%)

2 (8.3%)

15 (14.7%)

14 (20.6%)

21 (17.1%)

8 (17.0%)

Sickness

106 (62.4%)

85 (58.6%)

20 (83.3%)

60 (58.8%)

46 (67.7%)

75 (61.0%)

31 (66.0%)

Make up classwork

45 (26.5%)

35 (24.1%)

10 (41.7%)

22 (21.6%)

23 (33.8%)

38 (30.9%)

7 (14.9%)*

Punishment

44 (25.9%)

36 (24.8%)

8 (33.3%)

22 (21.6%)

22 (32.4%)

36 (29.3%)

8 (17.0%)

Homework

10 (5.9%)

8 (5.5%)

2 (8.3%)

6 (5.9%)

4 (5.9%)

10 (8.1%)

0 (0%)*

Test/Quiz

18 (10.6%)

13 (9.0%)

5 (20.8%)

9 (8.8%)

9 (13.2%)

17 (13.8%)

1 (2.1%)*

Student Reward

19 (11.2%)

14 (9.7%)

5 (20.8%)

9 (8.8%)

10 (14.7%)

16 (13.0%)

3 (6.4%)

Other

55 (32.4%)

52 (35.9%)

3 (12.5%)

37 (36.3%)

18 (26.5%)

38 (30.9%)

17 (36.2%)

Outdoor Spaces (n = 170)

Blacktop or hard surface

120 (70.6%)

106 (73.1%)

13 (54.2%)

74 (72.6%)

46 (67.7%)

88 (71.5%)

32 (68.1%)

Grassy field/area

155 (91.2%)

135 (93.1%)

19 (79.2%)*

92 (90.2%)

63 (92.7%)

115 (93.5%)

40 (85.1%)

Playground Equipment

170 (100%)

145 (100%)

24 (100%)

102 (1005)

68 (100%)

123 (100%)

47 (100%)

Baseball/softball/soccer field

65 (38.2%)

55 (37.9%)

9 (37.5%)

44 (43.1%)

21 (30.9%)

57 (46.3%)

8 (17.0%)*

Basketball court

132 (77.7%)

115 (79.3%)

16 (66.7%)

77 (75.5%)

55 (80.9%)

101 (82.1%)

31 (66.0%)*

Equipment (n = 167)

Jump ropes

71 (42.5%)

63 (44.4%)

8 (33.3%)

40 (40.0%)

31 (46.3%)

46 (37.7%)

25 (55.6%)*

Playground balls

152 (91.0%)

130 (91.6%)

22 (91.7%)

93 (93.0%)

59 (88.1%)

113 (92.6%)

39 (86.7%)

Soccer balls

135 (80.8%)

119 (83.8%)

16 (66.7%)*

84 (84.0%)

51 (76.1%)

104 (85.3%)

31 (68.9%)*

Footballs

111 (66.5%)

97 (68.3%)

14 (58.3%)

66 (66.0%)

45 (67.2%)

92 (75.4%)

19 (42.2%)*

Basketballs

147 (88.0%)

129 (90.9%)

18 (75.0%)*

91 (91.0%)

56 (83.6%)

111 (91.0%)

36 (80.0%)

Hula hoops

60 (35.9%)

54 (38.0%)

6 (25.05)

33 (33.0%)

27 (40.3%)

40 (32.8%)

20 (44.4%)

Can bring equipment from home

99 (59.3%)

87 (61.3%)

11 (45.8%)

58 (58.0%)

41 (61.2%)

81 (66.4%)

18 (40.0%)*

Other

18 (10.8%)

15 (10.6%)

3 (12.5%)

11 (11.0%)

7 (10.5%)

14 (11.5%)

4 (8.9%)

Indor Recess Space (on = 170)

Classroom

152 (89.4%)

130 (90.0%)

21 (87.5%)

92 (90.2%)

60 (88.2%)

111 (90.2%)

41 (87.2%)

Gym

64 (37.7%)

56 (38.6%)

8 (33.3%)

33 (32.4%)

31 (45.6%)

46 (37.4%)

18 (38.3%)

Lunchroom/Stage

7 (4.1%)

6 (4.1%)

1 (4.2%)

4 (3.9%)

3 (4.4%)

4 (3.3%)

3 (6.4%)

Multipurpose Room

16 (9.4%)

15 (10.3%)

1 (4.2%)

4 (3.9%)

12 (17.7%)*

13 (10.6%)

3 (6.4%)

Other

8 (4.7%)

7 (4.8%)

1 (4.2%)

6 (5.9%)

2 (2.9%)

7 (5.7%)

1 (2.1%)