Geophagia in pregnancy and its association with nutritional status - A prospective cohort study in rural north-eastern Tanzania

Table 2 Soil intake characteristics among women with geophagia in first, second, and/or third trimester

	Trimester			Overall n = 143²
Characteristic	First	Second	Third
	n = 20¹	n = 34¹	n = 122¹
Soil type
Clay	6 (30.0%)	23 (67.6%)	71 (58.2%)	100 (69.9%)
Soil-stick	11 (55.0%)	8 (23.5%)	34 (27.9%)	53 (37.1%)
Ground soil	1 (5.0%)	1 (2.9%)	8 (6.6%)	10 (7.0%)
Portion size (g)	22.4 [16.4, 28.4]	44.0 [29.2, 58.8]	40.8 [32.0, 49.6]	37.7 [32.6, 42.9]
Daily frequency (portions/day) ³	1.3 [0.9, 1.6]	1.2 [0.9, 1.5]	1.7 [1.5, 1.9]	1.6 [1.4, 1.8]
Daily intake (g/day)	36.3 [16.3, 56.4]	54.5 [35.1, 73.8]	88.3 [44.0, 132.6]	70.7 [50.0, 91.4]

1 Mean [95%CI] or frequency (%) among women who reported eating soil in the first, second or third trimester-
²Mean [95%CI] or frequency (%) among women who reported eating soil at any time during pregnancy. Percentages sum to greater than 100 due to some women eating more than one type of soil across the gestational period. Average intake per individual was calculated before the average among all individuals
³Daily frequency as reported or calculated from weekly frequency or monthly frequency

ISSN: 1479-5868