Skip to main content

Table 5 Model coefficients for each coercive parental feeding practice (PFP1-PFP5) or indulgent parental feeding practice (PFP6-PFP8)

From: Parents’ use of coercive and indulgent feeding practices for children with avid eating behaviour: an Ecological Momentary Assessment study

 

Fixed effects (p-value)

PFP1: Pressure to eat

PFP2: Food reward for eating more

PFP3: Restriction

PFP4: Food reward for eating new food

PFP5: Trick or bribe

PFP6: Prepare preferred food

PFP7: Child to choose different food

PFP8: Food to soothe

Intercept

-1.98 (0.21)

-5.85 (0.02)

-3.27 (0.1)

-3.87 (0.16)

-4.05 (0.09)

-3.57 (0.04)

-2.82 (0.21)

-4.51 (0.08)

State stress

0.6 (0.02)

-0.31 (0.41)

0.08 (0.81)

0.34 (0.4)

0.21 (0.58)

0.26 (0.33)

0.53 (0.2)

0.51 (0.19)

State Negative Affect

-0.38(0.32)

0.71 (0.22)

− 0.24 (0.61)

0.12 (0.85)

-0.43 (0.48)

-0.14 (0.72)

-0.37 (0.52)

-0.2 (0.73)

Reducing Conflict Goal

        

Yes

0.27 (0.28)

1.04 (0.01)

0.53 (0.08)

0.38 (0.35)

0.99 (0.01)

0.82 (< 0.001)

1.86 (< 0.001)

1.47 (< 0.001)

No (referent)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Atmosphere

        

Negative

0.6 (0.05)

0.85 (0.06)

-0.13 (0.72)

0.49 (0.32)

0.42 (0.36)

-0.32 (0.35)

-0.58 (0.29)

1.06 (0.01)

Neutral

0.1 (0.77)

-0.96 (0.14)

-0.08 (0.83)

-0.98 (0.12)

-0.68 (0.22)

0.03 (0.94)

-0.66 (0.26)

-0.1 (0.84)

Positive (referent)

-

       

Type of eating occasion

        

Snack

-2.52 (< 0.001)

-1.94 (< 0.001)

0.97 (< 0.001)

-2.05 (< 0.001)

-3.14 (< 0.001)

-0.26 (0.31)

-0.94 (0.05)

1.78 (< 0.001)

Meal (referent)

-

-

-

-

-

   

Location

        

Public setting

-0.43 (0.47)

0.07 (0.93)

-0.13 (0.86)

0.28 (0.74)

-0.64 (0.4)

-0.02 (0.98)

2.11 (< 0.001)

1.12 (0.14)

Private setting

        

Probability of avid eating

0.71 (0.51)

0.5 (0.78)

0.56 (0.65)

-0.17 (0.93)

3.23 (0.05)

1.14 (0.31)

-1.16 (0.43)

3.79 (0.03)

Day of the Week

        

Weekend

0.19 (0.42)

0.6 (0.1)

0.0 (0.99)

0.95 (0.01)

0.78 (0.02)

0.41 (0.07)

0.87 (0.01)

0.26 (0.47)

Weekday (referent)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  1. NB. PFP = Parental Feeding Practice. Bold values indicate a significant effect at p <.05. Fixed effects were estimated from mixed-effects linear regressions with the presence of each feeding practice as the outcome. Participant ID was included as a random effect to account for parent-to-parent variability in their use of feeding practices