Table 3 Independent and joint associations of diurnal patterns of physical activity and sleep with all-cause mortality

Physical activity

Early-morning

242/2159

1.30 (1.06–1.59)

1.33 (1.11–1.60)

1.36 (1.13–1.64)

Late-afternoon

112/1677

1.44 (0.97–2.15)

1.19 (0.84–1.69)

1.21 (0.85–1.71)

Midday

235/2837

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Sleep

Irregular sleep

292/2493

1.78 (1.36–2.33)

1.44 (1.09–1.90)

1.42 (1.01–1.99)

Morning lark

193/2245

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Night owl

104/1935

1.06 (0.68–1.65)

1.01 (0.64–1.58)

1.02 (0.65–1.60)

Joint pattern of physical activity and sleep

Early-morning & Morning lark

109/1146

1.04 (0.77–1.40)

1.09 (0.80–1.47)

1.11 (0.82–1.51)

Early-morning & Night owl

13/246

1.11 (0.46–2.71)

1.17 (0.47–2.92)

1.24 (0.49–3.10)

Early-morning & Irregular sleep

120/767

2.32 (1.65–3.25)

1.91 (1.37–2.67)

1.92 (1.33–2.78)

Late-afternoon & Morning lark

3/59

2.75 (0.93–8.16)

2.31 (0.83–6.41)

2.50 (0.91–6.86)

Late-afternoon & Night owl

31/750

1.25 (0.75–2.09)

0.97 (0.56–1.68)

1.00 (0.58–1.74)

Late-afternoon & Irregular sleep

78/868

2.29 (1.43–3.65)

1.57 (0.98–2.53)

1.56 (0.94–2.58)

Midday & Morning lark

81/1040

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

Midday & Night owl

60/939

1.02 (0.63–1.66)

0.98 (0.58–1.63)

0.99 (0.59–1.65)

Midday & Irregular sleep

94/858

1.38 (0.94–2.02)

1.14 (0.75–1.73)

1.13 (0.74–1.71)