Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort
Total population (n = 212) | Missing values (n (%)) | SIT LESS group (n = 108) | Control group (n = 104) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient characteristics | |||||
Age (years) | 63 (± 10) | 0 (0%) | 63 (± 10) | 64 (± 10) | |
Gender (female) | 48 (23%) | 0 (0%) | 25 (23%) | 23 (22%) | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.1 [24.6–30.2] | 0 (0%) | 27.1 [24.6–30.1] | 27.2 [24.6–30.8] | |
Education level | 20 (9%) | ||||
Low (n (%)) | 46 (24%) | 19 (20%) | 27 (28%) | ||
Middle (n (%)) | 77 (40%) | 38 (40%) | 39 (30%) | ||
High (n (%)) | 69 (36%) | 38 (40%) | 31 (32%) | ||
Living together/married | 152 (79%) | 20 (9%) | 77 (81%) | 75 (77%) | |
Working status | 20 (9%) | ||||
Employed | 98 (51%) | 53 (56%) | 45 (46%) | ||
Unemployed | 94 (49%) | 42 (44%) | 52 (54%) | ||
Living environment | 19 (9%) | ||||
Transition (n (%)) | 89 (46%) | 43 (45%) | 46 (47%) | ||
Urban (n (%)) | 54 (28%) | 23 (24%) | 31 (32%) | ||
Rural (n (%)) | 50 (26%) | 29 (31%) | 21 (21%) | ||
Regular step count tracking by smartwatch or smartphone (n (%)) | 71 (34%) | 0 (0%) | 33 (31%) | 38 (37%) | |
Lifestyle factors | |||||
Alcohol use (n (%)) | 168 (79%) | 0 (0%) | 87 (81%) | 81 (78%) | |
Current drinker (n (%)) | 146 (87%) | 75 (86%) | 71 (88%) | ||
Units/week (n) | 5 [2–10] | 5 [3–9] | 5 [2–14] | ||
Smoking (n (%)) | 150 (71%) | 0 (0%) | 73 (68%) | 77 (74%) | |
Current smoker (n (%)) | 41 (27%) | 19 (26%) | 22 (28%) | ||
Packyears (n) | 23 [10–36] | 23 [10–37] | 22 [10–36] | ||
Medical history | |||||
Comorbidities | 0 (0%) | ||||
Hypertension (n (%)) | 85 (40%) | 41 (38%) | 44 (42%) | ||
Dyslipidaemia (n (%)) | 66 (31%) | 34 (32%) | 32 (31%) | ||
Diabetes mellitus (n (%)) | 36 (17%) | 17 (16%) | 19 (18%) | ||
Prior myocardial infarction (n (%)) | 33 (16%) | 18 (17%) | 15 (14%) | ||
Prior PCI (n (%)) | 26 (12%) | 17 (16%) | 9 (9%) | ||
Prior CABG (n (%)) | 9 (4%) | 7 (6%) | 2 (2%) | ||
Atrial fibrillation (n (%)) | 18 (9%) | 7 (7%) | 11 (11%) | ||
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (n (%)) | 17 (8%) | 10 (9%) | 7 (7%) | ||
Peripheral artery disease (n (%)) | 17 (8%) | 8 (7%) | 9 (9%) | ||
Heart valve disease (n (%)) | 15 (7%) | 12 (11%) | 3 (3%) | ||
Depression (n (%)) | 12 (6%) | 7 (7%) | 5 (5%) | ||
Cancer (diagnosed in the past 5 years) (n (%)) | 12 (6%) | 8 (7%) | 4 (4%) | ||
Rheumatoid arthritis (n (%)) | 8 (4%) | 4 (4%) | 4 (4%) | ||
COPD (n (%)) | 8 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 5 (5%) | ||
CVA (n (%)) | 8 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 5 (5%) | ||
TIA (n (%)) | 7 (3%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (4%) | ||
Chronic renal failure (eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 or dialysis) (n (%)) | 7 (3%) | 6 (6%) | 1 (1%) | ||
CAD diagnosis at hospitalization | |||||
Out of hospital cardiac arrest (n (%)) | 7 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4%) | 3 (3%) | |
Index diagnosis | 0 (0%) | ||||
Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n (%)) | 102 (48%) | 57 (53%) | 45 (43%) | ||
ST-elevation myocardial infarction (n (%)) | 64 (30%) | 30 (28%) | 34 (33%) | ||
Stable angina pectoris (n (%)) | 30 (14%) | 14 (13%) | 16 (15%) | ||
Unstable angina pectoris (n (%)) | 16 (8%) | 7 (7%) | 9 (9%) | ||
Treatment | 0 (0%) | ||||
PCI (n (%)) | 126 (59%) | 62 (57%) | 64 (62%) | ||
CABG (n (%)) | 56 (26%) | 28 (26%) | 28 (27%) | ||
Conservative (optimal medical treatment only) (n (%)) | 30 (14%) | 18 (17%) | 12 (12%) | ||
Laboratory values | |||||
Peak hs-cTnT (ng/L) | 1977 [380-19151] | 22 (21%) | 2083 [437-24275] | 1496 [352-16206] | |
Peak hs-cTnI (ng/L) | 5155 [500-23984] | 10 (10%) | 3668 [291-25000] | 5554 [655-22276] | |
Peak CK (U/L) | 199 [104–508] | 34 (16%) | 236 [113–526] | 180 [99–475] | |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.0 (± 1.4) | 36 (17%) | 4.9 (± 1.2) | 5.1 (± 1.5) | |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.0 (± 1.2) | 37 (18%) | 2.9 (± 1.1) | 3.1 (± 1.3) | |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.1 (± 0.3) | 36 (17%) | 1.2 (± 0.4) | 1.1 (± 0.3) | |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.4 [1.0-2.2] | 36 (17%) | 1.4 [1.0–2.0] | 1.5 [1.0-2.5] | |