Table 2 Validity of self-reported measurement tools

Questionnaires

Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire (DABQ)

Kastelic et al., [94]

Slovenian version

Adults (employed)

n = 107 (45 female)

age = 39 ± 8 years

activPAL accelerometer (thigh worn) + sleep diary

Sleep: rho = 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.76); ICC = 0.63 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.71); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = 1 min/day (95% CI: -8.7, 10.8); 95% LoA: -98.7 to 100.8 min/day

SB: rho = 0.42 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.56); ICC = 0.29 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.45); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = -96.5 min/day (95% CI: -124.8, -68.1); 95% LoA = -386.5 to 193.6 min/day

LPA: rho = 0.45 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.59); ICC = 0.22 (95% CI: -0.00, 0.41); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = 134.5 min/day (95% CI: 106.8, 162.3); 95% LoA = -149.2 to 418.2 min/day

MVPA: rho = 0.38 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.53); ICC = 0.24 (95% CI: -0.05, 0.48); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = -39.1 min/day (95% CI: -44.7, -33.5); 95% LoA = -96.3 to 18.1 min/day

Excellent

Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire (DABQ)

Kastelic et al., [93]

German version

Older adults (retired)

n = 77 (45 female)

age = 68 ± 5 years

activPAL accelerometer (thigh worn) + sleep diary

Sleep: rho = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.79; p < 0.001); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = 8 min/day (95% CI: -6, 22); 95% LoA: -111.1 to 127 min/day

SB: rho = 0.35 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.53; p < 0.01); mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = -135 min/day (95% CI: -174, -97); 95% LoA: -466.8 to 196 min/day

LPA: rho = 0.24 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.44; p < 0.05), mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = 141 min/day (95% CI: 104, 178); 95% LoA: -177.1 to 458.5 min/day

MVPA: rho = 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.66; p < 0.001), mean difference (DABQ - Acc) = -13 min/day (95% CI: -25, - 2); 95% LoA: -112.3 to 85.9 min/day

Good

Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study- physical activity questionnaire (JPHC-PAQ)

Kikucki et al., [95]

Japan version

Adults & older adults (mostly employed)

n = 110 (57 female)

age = 61 ± 6 years

24-h Activity Record

Sleep: rho = 0.398 (p < 0.001)

SB + LPA: rho = 0.581 (p < 0.001)

MPA: rho = 0.345 (p < 0.001)

VPA: rho = -0.093 (p = 0.336)

MVPA: rho = 0.563 (p < 0.001)

Fair

Physical Activity Questionnaire from the Southern Community Cohort Study (PAQ SCCS)

Buchowski et al., [90]

English version

Adults

n = 112 for T1

n = 86 for T2

Characteristics of baseline sample (87 African American, 31 non-Hispanic whites):

n = 118 (61 female)

age = 55 ± 8 years

Last Month Physical Activity Survey (LMPAS) + sleep item

Whites

Sleep: rho = 0.59 (p = 0.005) for T1, rho = 0.49 (p = 0.02) for T2

SB: rho = 0.57 (p = 0.01) for T1, rho = 0.51 (p = 0.02) for T2

Occupational/household LPA: rho = 0.54 (p = 0.01) for T1, rho = 0.30 (p = 0.19) for T2

Occupational/household MPA: rho = 0.48 (p = 0.03) for T1, rho = -0.06 (p = 0.80) for T2

Occupational/household VPA: rho = 0.14 (p = 0.50) for T1, rho = 0.22 (p = 0.34) for T2

EE of sport/exercise: rho = 0.35 (p = 0.10) for T1, rho = 0.39 (p = 0.10) for T2

EE of total PA: rho = 0.09 (p = 0.70) for T1, rho = -0.11 (p = 0.60) for T2

Walking slow: rho = -0.41 (p = 0.06) for T1, rho = 0.20 (p = 0.40) for T2

Walking fast: rho = 0.26 (p = 0.25) for T1, rho = 0.40 (p = 0.07) for T2

African Americans

Sleep: rho = 0.22 (p = 0.09) for T1, rho = 0.55 (p < 0.0001) for T2

SB: rho = 0.06 (p = 0.70) for T1, rho = 0.36 (p = 0.008) for T2

Occupational/household LPA: rho = 0.11 (p = 0.40) for T1, rho = 0.17 (p = 0.20) for T2

Occupational/household MPA: rho = 0.03 (p = 0.80) for T1, rho = 0.30 (p = 0.02) for T2

Occupational/household VPA: rho = 0.15 (p = 0.30) for T1, rho = 0.56 (p < 0.0001) for T2

EE of sport/exercise: rho = 0.20 (p = 0.10) for T1, rho = 0.36 (p = 0.006) for T2

EE of total PA: rho = 0.08 (p = 0.50) for T1, rho = 0.15 (p = 0.30) for T2

Walking slow: rho = 0.26 (p = 0.05) for T1, rho = 0.27 (p = 0.04) for T2

Walking fast: rho = 0.35 (p = 0.007) for T1, rho = 0.36 (p = 0.005) for T2

Poor

Physical Activity Scale 2 (PAS 2)

Pedersen et al., [101]

Danish version

Adults (mostly employed)

n = 330 (203 female)

age = 47 ± 9 years

Actiheart accelerometer-HR monitor (worn on chest)

Sleep + SB: PCC = 0.197 (p = 0.053); mean difference (PAS 2 - Acc) = -2.3 h/day; 95% LoA: -9.04 to 4.34 h/day

LPA: PCC = 0.180 (p = 0.053); mean difference (PAS 2 - Acc) = 1.68 h/day; 95% LoA: 8.02 to -4.62 h/day

MPA: PCC = 0.204 (p = 0.053); mean difference (PAS 2 - Acc) = 0.55 h/day; 95% LoA: 3.37 to -2.26 h/day

VPA: PCC = 0.535 (p = 0.044); mean difference (PAS 2 - Acc) = 0.12 h/day; 95% LoA: 0.57 to 0.33 h/day

Good

Sedentary Time and Activity Reporting Questionnaire (STAR-Q)

Csizmadi et al., [91]

English version

Adults (mostly employed)

n = 99

Characteristics of baseline sample:

n = 102 (61 female)

age (male) = 51 ± 7 years

age (female) = 46 ± 9 years

7-Day Activity Diary

EE of sleep: rho = 0.62 (p < 0.001); ICC = 0.18 (95% CI: -0.02, 0.38); median difference (STAR-Q - Diary) (IQR): -0.8 (0.8) h/day

EE of SB: rho = 0.40 (p < 0.001); ICC = 0.12 (95% CI: -0.08, 0.31); median difference (STAR-Q - Diary) (IQR): -3.9 (4.9) h/day

EE of LPA: rho = 0.26 (p = 0.009); ICC = 0.26 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.43); median difference (STAR-Q - Diary) (IQR): 0.6 (7.3) h/day

EE of MPA: rho = 0.57 (p < 0.001); ICC = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.63); median difference (STAR-Q - Diary) (IQR): 0.2 (5.0) h/day

EE of VPA: rho = 0.68 (p < 0.001); ICC = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.75); median difference (STAR-Q - Diary) (IQR): 0.0 (3.3) h/day

Fair

Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) - modified (standing item was added)

Schilling et al., [103]

German version

Young adults (university students)

n = 72 (36 female)

age = 23 ± 3 years

ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer (wrist worn)

Time in bed: rho = 0.35 (p < 0.01)

SB: rho = 0.26 (p < 0.05)

Standing (vs. Acc LPA): rho = 0.09 (p > 0.05)

Walking (vs. Acc LPA): rho = 0.19 (p > 0.05)

Non-structured PA (vs. Acc LPA): rho = − 0.2 (p > 0.05)

Exercise (vs. Acc MVPA): rho = 0.49 (p < 0.001)

Good

24-hour movement behaviors questionnaire (24HMBQ)

Zheng et al., [98]

Chinese version

Young adults (college students)

n = 142 (37.3% female)

age = 19.38 ± 2.53 years

PSQI, ASBQC, IPAQ-SF

Sleep: rho = 0.32 (p < 0.01); ICC = 0.40 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.57)

SB: rho = 0.43 (p < 0.01); ICC = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.72)

Total PA: rho = 0.33 (p < 0.01); ICC = 0.57 (95% CI: 0.40, 0.69)

Poor

Time-use recalls

7-Day Physical Activity Recall (7D PAR) - modified (sitting item was added)

Welk et al., [97]

English version

Adults (physically inactive)

n = 24

age: 38–57 years

Tritrac-R3D accelerometer (waist worn)

EE of rest (sleep + sitting): r = 0.27 (p > 0.05)

EE of LPA (1.1–2.9 MET): r = 0.39 (p > 0.05)

EE of MPA (3.0-4.9 MET): r = 0.47 (p < 0.05)

EE of VPA (5.0-6.9 MET): r = 0.60 (p < 0.05)

EE of VVPA (≥ 7 MET): r = 0.73 (p < 0.05)

EE of MVPA (≥ 3MET): r = 0.53 (p < 0.05)

Poor

Computer-Based 24-Hour Physical Activity Recall (cpar24)

Kohler et al., [96]

German version

Adults & older adults

n = 49 (25 female)

age = 50 ± 13 years

Accelerometer Actigraph GT3X+ (waist worn)

Sleep + SB: rho = 0.54; mean difference (cpar24 - Acc) = -31 min/day (p = 0.39); 95% LoA: -380 to 319 min/day

LPA: rho = 0.46; mean difference (cpar24 - Acc) = -98 min/day (p < 0.001); 95% LoA: -399 to 204 min/day

MVPA: rho = 0.50; mean difference (cpar24 - Acc) = 128 min/day (p < 0.001); 95% LoA: -151 to 407 min/day

Fair

Time-use diary

Time-use diary from the Harmonised European Time Use Study (TUD HETUS)

Harms et al., [92]

English version

Adults (mostly highly educated)

n = 131

(approx. 60% female)

age: 18 + years

Autographer wearable camera (on a lanyard or clipped to clothing)

Sleep, personal care: r = 0.852 (p < 0.0005)

Eating and drinking: r = 0.550 (p < 0.0005)

Paid work and related: r = 0.981 (p < 0.0005)

Unpaid work, childcare: r = 0.924 (p < 0.0005)

Voluntary/civic activity: r = 0.905 (p < 0.0005)

Social activity, relaxation: r = 0.795 (p < 0.0005)

Physical activity: r = 0.789 (p < 0.0005)

Games, hobbies: r = 0.670 (p < 0.0005)

TV, radio, read, IT: r = 0.653 (p < 0.0005)

Travel: r = 0.861 (p < 0.0005)

Excellent