Table 2 Sample characteristics and EMA compliance
Characteristics | Total sample (n = 271) | Study 1 (n = 67) | Study 2 (n = 51) | Study 3 (n = 79) | Study 4 (n = 74) | F or χ2 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years; mean ± SD; and range) | 71.8 (± 6.8) 60–92 | 72.3 (± 6.0) 65–86 | 66.2 (± 6.2) 60–85 | 73.0 (± 6.8) 64–92 | 74.0 (± 5.9) 65–87 | 18.0 | < 0.001 |
Gender | 3.3 | 0.34 | |||||
Men (%) | 48.0% | 53.7% | 47.1% | 51.9% | 39.4% | ||
Education | 25.2 | 0.05 | |||||
Lower (%) Middle (%) Higher (%) | 19.9% 43.6% 36.5% | 25.4% 34.3% 40.3% | 31.4% 41.2% 27.5% | 18.2% 49.4% 32.5% | 8.6% 47.1% 44.3% | ||
Marital status | 18.7 | 0.03 | |||||
Married or cohabiting (%) | 75.3% | 85.1% | 82.4% | 72.7% | 63.4% | ||
Occupation | 41.0 | 0.09 | |||||
Household (%) Blue collar (%) White collar (%) Other (%)* | 9.1% 30.0% 57.4% 3.4% | 4.5% 37.3% 52.2% 6.0% | 3.9% 19.6% 72.5% 3.9% | 16.2% 33.8% 48.6% 1.4% | 10.0% 25.7% 61.4% 2.9% | ||
BMI (kg/m2; mean ± SD) Underweight (%) Normal weight (%) Overweight (%) Obese (%) | 25.7 (± 3.8) 2.6 40.4 42.7 14.2 | 25.6 (± 4.0) 6.0 41.8 37.3 14.9 | 25.2 (± 3.6) 2.0 45.1 43.1 9.8 | 26.3 (± 3.8) 1.3 34.6 46.2 17.9 | 25.7 (± 3.7) 1.4 42.3 43.7 12.7 | 0.95 7.2 | 0.42 0.62 |
Smartphone ownership (%) | 88.1% | 83.6% | 94.1% | NA | NA | NA |