Table 2 Results from mixed-effects models examining between-group differences in changes in self-efficacy, knowledge, intentions, and between the intervention and control group at post-intervention and follow-up

Self-Efficacy

Task self-efficacy

1.18 (0.81, 1.56)

0.96 (0.51, 1.40)

0.14 (-0.21, 0.49)

-0.04 (-0.41, 0.33)

1.04 (0.62, 1.46)

0.65

< 0.001

1.00 (0.51, 1.48)

0.62

< 0.001

Barrier self-efficacy

1.21 (0.79, 1.62)

0.98 (0.49, 1.47)

0.18 (-0.21, 0.57)

-0.15 (-0.56, 0.26)

1.03 (0.59, 1.47)

0.58

< 0.001

1.13 (0.69, 1.67)

0.64

< 0.001

Knowledge

Guideline knowledge

2.31 (1.76, 2.86)

1.22 (0.57, 1.86)

0.46 (-0.04, 0.96)

0.39 (-0.16, 0.94)

1.85 (1.28, 2.42)

1.09

< 0.001

0.82 (0.01, 1.63)

0.49

0.047

Definition knowledge

1.29 (0.90, 1.68)

0.56 (0.14, 1.05)

0.24 (-0.11, 0.60)

-0.09 (-0.48, 0.31)

1.05 (0.63, 1.48)

0.73

< 0.001

0.68 (0.11, 1.25)

0.48

0.019

Behavioural knowledge

1.06 (0.70, 1.42)

0.85 (0.43, 1.26)

0.19 (-0.14, 0.52)

0.10 (-0.25, 0.46)

0.87 (0.51, 1.22)

0.66

< 0.001

0.74 (0.29, 1.20)

0.56

0.002

Overall Knowledge

4.69 (3.97, 5.41)

2.58 (1.75, 3.41)

0.90 (0.24, 1.56)

0.46 (-0.26, 1.17)

3.79 (2.88, 4.70)

1.20

< 0.001

2.12 (0.84, 3.40)

0.67

0.001

Intention

Program 120 min PA

2.70 (1.70, 3.71)

2.26 (1.08, 3.44)

0.09 (-0.84, 1.02)

-0.65 (-1.67, 0.36)

2.61 (1.52, 3.71)

0.54

< 0.001

2.91 (1.68, 4.15)

0.69

< 0.001

Promote physical literacy

2.12 (1.23, 3.01)

1.88 (0.83, 2.92)

0.04 (-0.78, 0.86)

-0.52 (-1.42, 0.37)

2.08 (1.09, 3.07)

0.60

< 0.001

2.40 (1.34, 3.47)

0.69

< 0.001

Role model PA

2.01 (1.19, 2.83)

1.92 (0.96, 2.88)

0.06 (-0.69, 0.81)

-0.38 (-1.20, 0.44)

1.96 (1.06, 2.86)

0.60

< 0.001

2.30 (1.23, 3.37)

0.71

< 0.001

Promote outdoor play

1.75 (0.85, 2.64)

1.78 (0.73, 2.83)

-0.58 (-1.41, 0.24)

-1.21 (-2.10, -0.31)

2.33 (1.58, 3.41)

0.60

< 0.001

2.98 (1.90, 4.07)

0.77

< 0.001

Lead risky play opportunities

2.36 (1.31, 3.41)

2.29 (1.06, 3.52)

-0.00 (-0.97, 0.96)

-0.88 (-1.93, 0.17)

2.36 (1.25, 3.48)

0.54

< 0.001

3.17 (1.84, 4.50)

0.73

< 0.001

Minimize sedentary time

2.32 (1.44, 3.20)

2.19 (1.16, 3.23)

0.01 (-0.81, 0.82)

-0.65 (-1.53, 0.24)

2.31 (1.27, 3.36)

0.65

< 0.001

2.84 (1.78, 3.90)

0.80

< 0.001

Avoid screen time

1.48 (0.40, 2.55)

1.37 (0.12, 2.62)

-0.39 (-1.38, 0.60)

-0.49 (-1.56, 0.58)

1.87 (0.58, 3.15)

0.50

0.005

1.86 (0.64, 3.08)

0.50

0.003

Perceived Behaviour Control

Program 120 min PA

2.67 (1.49, 3.84)

1.91 (0.52, 3.29)

0.06 (-1.03, 1.16)

-0.42 (-1.75, 0.78)

2.60 (1.38, 3.81)

0.50

< 0.001

2.33 (0.78, 3.87)

0.45

0.004

Promote physical literacy

1.81 (0.90, 2.72)

1.62 (0.55, 2.69)

-0.16 (-1.00, 0.69)

-0.40 (-1.31, 0.51)

1.97 (1.02, 2.92)

0.53

< 0.001

2.02 (0.87, 3.17)

0.54

< 0.001

Role model PA

1.61 (0.75, 2.47)

1.21 (0.20, 2.23)

0.29 (-0.51, 1.09)

-0.59 (-1.46, 0.27)

1.32 (0.38, 2.25)

0.34

0.006

1.80 (0.73, 2.88)

0.47

0.001

Promote outdoor play

0.86 (-0.11, 1.83)

0.25 (-0.89, 1.39)

-0.64 (-1.54, 0.26)

-1.00 (-1.97, -0.02)

1.50 (0.38, 2.62)

0.36

0.009

1.25 (0.02, 2.47)

0.30

0.046

Lead risky play opportunities

1.85 (0.73, 2.98)

1.35 (0.03, 2.66)

-0.06 (-1.09, 0.98)

-0.28 (-1.40, 0.84)

1.91 (0.75, 3.07)

0.36

0.001

1.63 (0.19, 3.07)

0.31

0.027

Minimize sedentary time

2.38 (1.37, 3.38)

1.70 (0.52, 2.87)

-0.34 (-1.27, 0.60)

-0.67 (-1.68, 0.33)

2.72 (1.52, 3.92)

0.69

< 0.001

2.37 (1.10, 3.63)

0.60

< 0.001

Avoid screen time

0.93 (-0.10, 1.96)

0.37 (-0.83, 1.57)

-0.37 (-1.32, 0.58)

-0.16 (-1.19, 0.87)

1.30 (0.13, 2.47)

0.33

0.030

0.53 (-0.80, 1.86)

0.13

0.429