Built and natural environment correlates of physical activity of adults living in rural areas: a systematic review

Table 6 Summary results of evidence on the relationship between environmental factors and different types of PA

	+ +	+	0 0	-	?
Unspecified/ total PA		• Greenness/natural environment • Overall environment			• Safety and security
MVPA		• Cycling infrastructure • Aesthetics	• Availability and accessibility of destinations • Availability and accessibility of places for exercise or recreation • Pedestrian infrastructure • Safety and security • Overall environment
Leisure-time PA	• Availability and accessibility of places for exercise or recreation • Overall environment		• Safety and security • Aesthetics
Transport-related PA		• Overall environment	• Safety and security • Aesthetics
Total walking		• Pedestrian infrastructure		• Safety and security

+ + convincing positive relationship (≥ 4 studies, positive relationship found in ≥ 60% of studies and negative relationship in < 25% of studies); + possible positive relationship (≥ 4 studies, positive relationship found in 41–60% of studies and negative relationship in < 25% of studies); 0 0 convincingly not related (≥ 4 studies, no significant relationship found in ≥ 60% of studies and any other direction in < 40%); - possible negative relationship (≥ 4 studies, negative relationship found in 41–60% of studies and positive relationship in < 25% of studies); ? inconclusive (≥ 4 studies, no consistent associations); not included: - - convincing negative relationship (no convincing negative relationships were found)

ISSN: 1479-5868