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Table 4 Genetic, and shared and unique environmental influences on early motor development and later exercise behavior

From: Genetic confounding in the association of early motor development with childhood and adolescent exercise behavior

Traits

Estimated variance components (%) (95%CI)

Am

Cm

Em

Af

Cf

Ef

MD-FS

43.0 (40.1–46.0)

48.1 (45.1–51.0)

8.9 (8.5–9.3)

43.7 (40.7–46.8)

48.0 (44.8–50.9)

8.3 (7.9–8.8)

GM5

56.8 (51.8–62.1)

23.4 (18.4–28.2)

19.7 (18.6–20.9)

65.1 (59.5–70.9)

16.0 (10.3–21.4)

18.9 (17.9–20.0)

MET7

22.6 (18.1–27.6)

68.3 (59.6–72.6)

9.1 (8.1–10.2)

3.2 (0.1–8.0)

80.6 (76.3–83.7)

16.2 (14.5–18.1)

MET10

18.9 (13.2–25.2)

65.6 (59.6–70.8)

15.5 (13.9–17.3)

9.9 (4.3–16.2)

73.3 (67.6–78.1)

16.8 (15.0–18.9)

MET12

30.5 (25.3–36.1)

54.4 (49.1–59.3)

15.0 (13.8–16.3)

29.4 (24.4–34.9)

57.2 (51.9–62.0)

13.4 (12.3–14.5)

MET14

50.7 (36.1–64.1)

19.0 (6.6–32.4)

30.3 (26.9–34.1)

18.2 (8.1–28.9)

47.5 (37.8–56.1)

34.4 (31.3–37.8)

  1. Note Standardized estimates for the contribution of genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and unique environmental (E) factors to the total variance in the traits, based on the six-variate ACE Cholesky decomposition. Am, Cm, Em are the genetic, shared environmental, and unique environmental influences for males, and Af, Cf, and Ef are those for females. The A contributions correspond to ‘heritability’, i.e. heritability of MD-FS in males is 43%. MD-FS, the factor score of motor development before age 2; GM5, gross motor development at age 5; MET7, MET10, MET12, and MET14 represent the exercise behavior at each age (7, 10, 12, and 14 years). 95%CI: two-sided 95% confidence interval.