Table 2 Components of the Planetary Health Diet Index for children and adolescents (PHDI-C), recommended percentages of total caloric intake for children and adolescents, and formulae to calculate each component score

Adequacy components

 Nuts and peanuts

 ≥ 11.6 (0, 100)

 ≥ 11.6 (0, 100)

10

\(score\left(x\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\frac{10\times x}{A}&if\, |x\le A\\ 10&if\, |x>A\end{array}\right.\)

For a given adequacy component, x is the percentage of calories consumed and A is the optimal recommended value

 Legumes

 ≥ 11.3 (0, 100)

 ≥ 11.3 (0, 100)

10

 Fruits

 ≥ 5.0 (0, 100)

 ≥ 5.0 (0, 100)

10

 Vegetables

 ≥ 3.1 (0, 100)

 ≥ 3.1 (0, 100)

10

Ratio components

 Dark green vegetables ratio

29.5 (0.0, 100)

29.5 (0.0, 100)

5

\(score\left(x\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{rl}\frac{C\times x}{A}& if \ x\le A\\ \left(\frac{C\times 100}{(100-A)}\right)-\left(\frac{C\times x}{(100-A)}\right)& if\ x> A\end{array}\right.\)

For a given ratio component, x is the percentage of calories consumed, A is the optimal recommended value, and C is the maximum possible score

 Red and orange vegetables ratio

38.5 (0.0, 100)

38.5 (0.0, 100)

5

 Whole cereals ratio

75.0 (0.0, 100)

75.0 (0.0, 100)

10

Optimum components

 Cereals

30.0 (0.0, 60.0)

30.0 (0.0, 60.0)

10

\(score\left(x\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{rlr}\frac{10\times x}{A}&if\ x\le A\\ \left(\frac{10\times B}{B-A}\right)-\left(\frac{10\times x}{(B-A)}\right)&if\ A < x < B\\ 0&if\ x\ge B\end{array}\right.\)

For a given optimum component, x is the percentage of calories consumed, A is the optimal recommended value, and B is the upper limit of the recommended range

 Tubers and potatoes

1.6 (0.0, 3.1)

1.6 (0.0, 3.1)

10

 Dairy products

12.2 (0.0, 24.4)

6.1 (0, 12.2)

10

 Eggs and white meats

6.2 (0.0, 12.2)

6.2 (0.0, 12.2)

10

 Vegetable oils

14.1 (0.0, 28.3)

14.1 (0.0, 28.3)

10

Moderation components

 Palm oil

0.0 (0.0, 2.4)

0.0 (0.0, 2.4)

10

\(score\left(x\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{rlr}10&if\,|x=0\\ 10- \left(\frac{10}{B\times x}\right)&if\,|0<x<B\\ 0&if\,|x\ge B\end{array}\right.\)

For a given moderation component, x is the percentage of calories consumed, and B is the upper limit of the recommended range

 Red meats

0.0 (0.0, 2.4)

0.0 (0.0, 2.4)

10

 Animal fats

0.0 (0.0, 1.4)

0.0 (0.0, 1.4)

10

 Added sugars

0.0 (0.0, 4.8)

0.0 (0.0, 4.8)

10

Total score

150